List of Members of the United States House of Representatives in the 7th Congress by seniority

This is a list of members of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 7th United States Congress by seniority. For the most part, representatives are ranked by the beginning of their terms in office.

As an historical article, the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 7th Congress (March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1803). Seats and party affiliations on similar lists for other Congresses will be different for certain members.

This article describes the criteria for seniority in the House of Representatives and sets out the list of members by seniority. It is prepared on the basis of the interpretation of seniority applied to the House of Representatives in the 112th Congress. In the absence of information to the contrary, it is presumed that the twenty-first century practice is identical to the seniority customs used during the 7th Congress.^[1]

Contents 1 House seniority 2 Leadership 3 Standing Committees 4 List of Representatives by seniority 5 References 6 See also 7 External links

House seniority

Seniority in the House, for Congressmen with unbroken service, depends on the date on which the members first term began. That date is either the start of the Congress (4th March in odd numbered years, for the era up to and including the 73rd Congress starting in 1933) or the date of a special election during the Congress. Since many members start serving on the same day as others, ranking between them is based on alphabetical order by the last name of the congressman.

Congressmen, in early Congresses, were often elected after the legal start of the Congress. Such representatives are attributed with unbroken seniority, from the legal start of the congressional term, if they were the first person elected to a seat in a Congress. The date of the election is indicated in a note.

The seniority date is normally taken from the members entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, except where the date given is the legal start of the Congress and the actual election (for someone who was not the first person elected to the seat in that Congress) was later. The date of election is taken from United States Congressional Elections 1788-1997. In a few instances the latter work provides dates, for the start and end of terms, which correct those in the Biographical Directory.

The Biographical Directory normally uses the date of a special election, as the seniority date. However, mostly in early Congresses, the date of the member taking his seat can be the one given. The date of the special election is mentioned in a note to the list below, when that date is not used as the seniority date by the Biographical Directory.

Representatives who returned to the House, after having previously served, are credited with service equal to one less than the total number of terms they served. When a representative has served a prior term of less than two terms (i.e., prior term minus one equals less than one), he is ranked above all others whose service begins on the same day.

Leadership

In this Congress the only formal leader was the Speaker of the House. A Speakership ballot was held on December 7, 1801 and Nathaniel Macon (DR-NC) was elected. ^[2]

Standing Committees

The House created its first standing committee, on April 13, 1789. There were four standing committees, listed in the rules initially used by the 7th Congress. In addition there was a Ways and Means Committee. The Ways and Means Committee was not formally added to the main list of standing committees, until the rules were revised on January 7, 1802. The modern Ways and Means Committee dates its foundation as a standing committee to 1802, but considers the pre-1802 panel to be its forerunner.

Committees, in this period, were appointed for a session at a time and not necessarily for every one in a Congress. The Speaker appointed the members.

This list refers to the standing committees of the House in the 7th Congress, the year of establishment as a standing committee, the number of members assigned to the committee and the dates of appointment in each session, the end of the session and its chairman. Chairmen, who were re-appointed after serving in the previous Congress, are indicated by an *. ^[3]

The first session was December 7, 1801 – May 3, 1802 (148 days) and the second session was December 6, 1802 – March 3, 1803 (88 days).

No.	Committee	From	Mbrs	Appointed	Chairman
01	Claims	1794	7	December 8, 1801 – May 3, 1802	John C. Smith (F-CT)
				December 8, 1802 – March 3, 1803
02	Commerce and Manufactures	1795	7	December 8, 1801 – May 3, 1802	*Samuel Smith (DR-MD)
				December 8, 1802 – March 3, 1803
03	Elections	1789	7	December 8, 1801 – May 3, 1802	John Milledge (DR-GA)
				December 8, 1802 – March 3, 1803	John Bacon (DR-MA)
04	Revisal and Unfinished Business	1795	3	December 8, 1801 – May 3, 1802	John Davenport (F-CT)
				December 8, 1802 – March 3, 1803
05	Ways and Means	[1794] 1802	9	December 8, 1801 – May 3, 1802	John Randolph (DR-VA)
			7	December 14, 1802 – March 3, 1803

List of Representatives by seniority

A numerical rank is assigned to each of the 106 members initially elected to the 7th Congress. Other members, who were not the first person elected to a seat but who joined the House during the Congress, are not assigned a number.

Twelve Representatives-elect were not sworn in, as one died and eleven resigned. The list below includes the Representatives-elect (with name in italics), with the seniority they would have held if they had been sworn in.

Party designations used in this article are DR for Democratic-Republican members and F for Federalist representatives. Designations used for service in the first three congresses are (A) for Anti-Administration members and (P) for Pro-Administration representatives.

Rank	Representative	Party	District	Seniority date	Notes
Seven consecutive terms
001	George Thatcher	F	MA-14	01789-03-04 March 4, 1789	(P) 1789-95. Resigned as Representative-elect. [4]
Six consecutive terms
002	Andrew Gregg	DR	PA-9	01791-03-04 March 4, 1791	(A) 1791-95
003	William B. Grove	F	NC-7		(P) 1791-95. Last term.
004	Nathaniel Macon	DR	NC-5		(A) 1791-95. Speaker of the House.
Six non-consecutive terms
005	William B. Giles	DR	VA-9	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Previosly served (A) December 7, 1790-95 and (DR) 1795- October 2, 1798. Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801. Last term.
Five consecutive terms
006	Anthony New	DR	VA-16	01793-03-04 March 4, 1793	(A) 1793-95. Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801.
007	Samuel Smith	DR	MD-5		(A) 1793-95. Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801. Chairman: Commerce and Manufactures. Last term until 14th Congress.
008	Philip Van Cortlandt	DR	NY-3		(A) 1793-95
009	Peleg Wadsworth	F	MA-13		(P) 1793-95
Five non-consecutive terms
010	Thomas Sumter	DR	SC-4	01797-03-04 March 4, 1797	Previously served (A) 1789-93. Resigned, to become US Senator: December 15, 1801.
011	Abiel Foster	F	NH-al	01795-03-04 March 4, 1795	Previously served (P) June 22, 1789-91. Last term.
012	Daniel Hiester	DR	MD-4	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Previously served (PA-A) 1789-95 and (PA-DR) 1795-July 1, 1796. Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801.
Four consecutive terms
013	Samuel J. Cabell	DR	VA-14	01795-03-04 March 4, 1795	Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801. Last term.
014	Albert Gallatin	DR	PA-12		Resigned as Representative-elect, to become Secretary of the Treasury [5]
015	Roger Griswold	F	CT-al
016	Joseph B. Varnum	DR	MA-9
017	Samuel W. Dana	F	CT-al	01797-01-03 January 3, 1797
Four non-consecutive terms
018	Thomas Claiborne	DR	VA-8	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Previously served (A) 1793-95 and (DR) 1795-99. Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801.
019	Peter Muhlenberg	DR	PA-4	01799-03-04 March 4, 1799	Previously served (A) 1789-91 and 1793-95. Resigned, as Representative-elect, to become a US Senator. [6]
020	Israel Smith	DR	VT-1	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Previously served (A) October 17, 1791-95 and (DR) 1795-97. Last term.
Three consecutive terms
021	James A. Bayard	F	DE-al	01797-03-04 March 4, 1797	Last term (elected to 9th Congress but did not serve)
022	Matthew Clay	DR	VA-6		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
023	Thomas T. Davis	DR	KY-1		Elected to this Congress: August 3, 1801. Last term.
024	John Dawson	DR	VA-15		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
025	John Dennis	F	MD-8		Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801
026	Lucas C. Elmendorf	DR	NY-4		Last term
027	John Fowler	DR	KY-2		Elected to this Congress: August 3, 1801
028	John A. Hanna	DR	PA-6
029	David Holmes	DR	VA-2		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
030	John Rutledge, Jr.	F	SC-2		Last term
031	William Shepard	F	MA-2
032	Richard Stanford	DR	NC-4
033	Abram Trigg	DR	VA-4		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
034	John J. Trigg	DR	VA-5
035	Robert Williams	DR	NC-3		Last term
036	Lewis R. Morris	F	VT-2	01797-05-22 May 22, 1797
037	William Edmond	F	CT-al	01797-11-13 November 13, 1797	Resigned as Representative-elect: c. August 1801 [7]
038	William Claiborne	DR	TN-al	01797-11-23 November 23, 1797	Elected to this Congress: August 3-4, 1801. Resigned as Representative-elect: September 22, 1801. [8]
039	Joseph Hiester	DR	PA-5	01798-12-01 December 1, 1798
040	Robert Brown	DR	PA-4	01798-12-04 December 4, 1798
Three non-consecutive terms
041	Richard Brent	DR	VA-17	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Previously (DR) 1795-99. Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801. Last term.
042	John Clopton	DR	VA-13		Previously served (DR) 1795-99. Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801.
043	George Jackson	DR	VA-3	01799-03-04 March 4, 1799	Previously served (DR) 1795-97. Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801. Last term.
044	John Smilie	DR	PA-11		Previously served (A) 1793-95
045	Richard Sprigg, Jr.	DR	MD-2	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Previously served (DR) May 5, 1796-99. Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801. Resigned February 11, 1802.
Two consecutive terms
046	Willis Alston	DR	NC-9	01799-03-04 March 4, 1799
047	John Bird	F	NY-6		Resigned as Representative-elect: July 25, 1801 [9]
048	Phanuel Bishop	DR	MA-7
049	John Condit	DR	NJ-al		Last term until 16th Congress
050	John Davenport	F	CT-al		Chairman: Revisal and Unfinished Business
051	Edwin Gray	DR	VA-10		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
052	Archibald Henderson	F	NC-2		Last term
053	William H. Hill	F	NC-6
054	Benjamin Huger	F	SC-3
055	James Jones	F	GA-al		Died as Representative-elect: January 11, 1801 [10]
056	Silas Lee	F	MA-12		Resigned as Representative-elect: August 20, 1801 [11]
057	Michael Leib	DR	PA-2
058	Joseph H. Nicholson	DR	MD-7		Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801
059	John Randolph	DR	VA-7		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801. Chairman: Ways and Means.
060	David Stone	DR	NC-8		Resigned, as Representative-elect, to become a US Senator [12]
061	Benjamin Taliaferro	DR	GA-al		(F) 1799-1801. Resigned February 1802.
062	Lemuel Williams	F	MA-5
063	Henry Woods	F	PA-10		Last term
064	Elizur Goodrich	F	CT-al	01799-09-16 September 16, 1799	Special election. Resigned as Repreentative-elect: March 3, 1801. [13]
065	John Smith	DR	NY-1	01800-02-06 February 6, 1800
066	Nathan Read	F	MA-10	01800-11-25 November 25, 1800	Last term
067	John C. Smith	F	CT-al	01800-11-17 November 17, 1800	Chairman: Claims
068	Samuel Tenney	F	NH-al	01800-11-18 November 18, 1800
069	Levi Lincoln	DR	MA-4	01800-12-15 December 15, 1800	Resigned, as Representative-elect, to become Attorney General: March 5, 1801 [14]
070	John Stewart	DR	PA-8	01801-01-15 January 15, 1801
071	Ebenezer Mattoon	F	MA-3	01801-02-02 February 2, 1801	Last term
Two non-consecutive terms
072	James Holland	DR	NC-1	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Previously served (DR) 1795-97
073	Thomas Tillinghast	DR	RI-al		Previously served (F) November 13, 1797-99. Last term.
One term
074	John Archer	DR	MD-6	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801
075	John Bacon	DR	MA-1		Elected to this Congress: March 9, 1801. Chairman: Elections (1802–03). Only term.
076	Thomas Boude	F	PA-7		Only term
077	William Butler	DR	SC-5
078	John Campbell	F	MD-1		Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801
079	Manasseh Cutler	F	MA-11
080	Ebenezer Elmer	DR	NJ-al
081	William Eustis	DR	MA-8
082	William Helms	DR	NJ-al
083	Joseph Hemphill	F	PA-3		Only term until 16th Congress
084	William Jones	DR	PA-1		Only term
085	Thomas Lowndes	F	SC-1
086	Samuel L. Mitchill	DR	NY-2
087	Thomas Moore	DR	SC-6
088	Thomas Morris	F	NY-10		Only term
089	James Mott	DR	NJ-al
090	Thomas Newton, Jr.	DR	VA-11		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
091	Joseph Peirce	F	NH-al		Resigned 1802
092	Elias Perkins	F	CT-al		Only term
093	Thomas Plater	F	MD-3		Elected to this Congress: April 6, 1801
094	John Smith	DR	VA-1		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
095	Josiah Smith	DR	MA-6		Elected to this Congress: March 9, 1801. Only term.
096	Henry Southard	DR	NJ-al
097	John Stanly	F	NC-10		Only term until 11th Congress
098	Joseph Stanton, Jr.	DR	RI-al		Elected to this Congress: April 15, 1801
099	John Stratton	F	VA-12		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801. Only term.
100	John Taliaferro	DR	VA-1		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801. Only term until 12th Congress.
101	David Thomas	DR	NY-7
102	Thomas Tillotson	DR	NY-7		Resigned as Representative-elect: August 10, 1801 [15]
103	Philip R. Thompson	DR	VA-18		Elected to this Congress: April 22, 1801
104	George B. Upham	F	NH-al
105	Killian K. Van Rensselaer	F	NY-8
106	Benjamin Walker	F	NY-9		Only term
Members joining the House, after the start of the Congress
...	John Milledge	DR	GA-al	01801-03-23 March 23, 1801	Previously served (A) November 22, 1792-93 and (DR) 1795-99. Special election. Chairman: Elections (1801–02). Resigned to become Governor: November 9, 1802.
...	Calvin Goddard	F	CT-al	01801-05-18 May 18, 1801	Special election: April 9, 1801
...	Richard Cutts	DR	MA-14	01801-06-22 June 22, 1801	Special election
...	Charles Johnson	DR	NC-8	01801-08-07 August 7, 1801	Special election: August 6-7, 1801. Died July 23, 1802.
...	Seth Hastings	F	MA-14	01801-08-24 August 24, 1801	Special election. Seated January 11, 1802.
...	Benjamin Tallmadge	F	CT-al	01801-09-21 September 21, 1801	Special election
...	Theodorus Bailey	DR	NY-5	01801-10-06 October 6, 1801	Previouly served (A) 1793-95 and (DR) 1795-97 and 1799-1801. Special election: October 6-8, 1801. Last term.
...	John P. Van Ness	DR	NY-6		Special election: October 6-8, 1801. Seated December 7, 1801. Seat declared forfeited: January 17, 1803.
...	William Hoge	DR	PA-12	01801-10-13 October 13, 1801	Special election
...	Isaac Van Horne	DR	PA-4
...	William Dickson	DR	TN-al	01801-10-30 October 30, 1801	Special election: October 29-30, 1801
...	Walter Bowie	DR	MD-2	01802-03-24 March 24, 1802	Special election: March 2, 1802
...	Samuel Hunt	F	NH-al	01802-12-06 December 6, 1802	Special election: August 30, 1802
...	David Meriwether	DR	GA-al		Special election: April 5, 1802
...	Samuel Thatcher	F	MA-12		Special election: July 29, 1802
...	Thomas Wynns	DR	NC-8	01802-12-07 December 7, 1802	Special election: October 15, 1802
...	Peter Early	DR	GA-al	01803-01-10 January 10, 1803	Special election: December 15, 1802
...	Richard Winn	DR	SC-4	01803-01-24 January 24, 1803	Previouly served (A) 1793-95 and (DR) 1795-97. Special election: April 12-14, 1802.
Non voting members
a	Paul Fearing	F	OH-al	01801-03-04 March 4, 1801	Delegate for Northwest Territory (future OH). Term ended on OH admission.
b	Narsworthy Hunter	-	MS-al		Delegate for Mississippi Territory. Died March 11, 1802.
c	Thomas M. Greene, Jr.	DR	MS-al	01802-12-06 December 6, 1802	Delegate for Mississippi Territory. Special election. Only term.

References

• United States Congressional Elections 1788-1997, by Michael J. Dubin (McFarland and Company 1998) ISBN 0-7864-0283-0

See also

• 7th United States Congress
• List of United States Senators in the 7th Congress by seniority

External links

• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

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